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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in pancreatic β-cells play a crucial role in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. These channels are composed of two subunits: a pore-forming subunit (Kir6.2) and a regulatory subunit (sulphonylurea receptor-1). Recent studies identified large number of gain of function mutations in the regulatory subunit of the channel which cause neonatal diabetes. Majority of mutations cause neonatal diabetes alone, however some lead to a severe form of neonatal diabetes with associated neurological complications. This review focuses on the functional effects of these mutations as well as the implications for treatment.

Original publication

DOI

10.4093/dmj.2013.37.3.157

Type

Journal article

Journal

Diabetes Metab J

Publication Date

06/2013

Volume

37

Pages

157 - 164

Keywords

ABC transporter, Insulin secretion, KATP channels, Kir6.2, Neonatal diabetes, Pancreatic β-cell, Sulphonylurea receptor, Sulphonylureas