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Iron deficiency is present in ~50% of heart failure (HF) patients. Large multicenter trials have shown that treatment of iron deficiency with i.v. iron benefits HF patients, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. To investigate the actions of iron deficiency on the heart, mice were fed an iron-depleted diet, and some received i.v. ferric carboxymaltose (FCM), an iron supplementation used clinically. Iron-deficient animals became anemic and had reduced ventricular ejection fraction measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Ca2+ signaling, a pathway linked to the contractile deficit in failing hearts, was also significantly affected. Ventricular myocytes isolated from iron-deficient animals produced smaller Ca2+ transients from an elevated diastolic baseline but had unchanged sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load, trigger L-type Ca2+ current, or cytoplasmic Ca2+ buffering. Reduced fractional release from the SR was due to downregulated RyR2 channels, detected at protein and message levels. The constancy of diastolic SR Ca2+ load is explained by reduced RyR2 permeability in combination with right-shifted SERCA activity due to dephosphorylation of its regulator phospholamban. Supplementing iron levels with FCM restored normal Ca2+ signaling and ejection fraction. Thus, 2 Ca2+-handling proteins previously implicated in HF become functionally impaired in iron-deficiency anemia, but their activity is rescued by i.v. iron supplementation.

Original publication

DOI

10.1172/jci.insight.125618

Type

Journal article

Journal

JCI Insight

Publication Date

04/04/2019

Volume

4

Keywords

Calcium signaling, Cardiology, Excitation contraction coupling, Heart failure, Administration, Intravenous, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency, Animals, Calcium, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Cells, Cultured, Disease Models, Animal, Down-Regulation, Ferric Compounds, Heart Failure, Humans, Iron, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Maltose, Mice, Myocardial Contraction, Myocardium, Myocytes, Cardiac, Primary Cell Culture, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases, Stroke Volume