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The neurodegenerative process in Parkinson's disease (PD) is accompanied by the presence of a neuroinflammatory response, which has been suggested as one of the principal components involved in PD progression.In this report we assessed the inflammatory potential of alpha-synuclein, a protein central to PD pathogenesis, released by neurons on the mouse microglia cell line BV-2. BV-2 cells were treated with conditioned medium isolated from normal SH-SY5Y cells and clones that over-express WT or mutant A53T alpha-synuclein. Conditioned medium isolated from over-expressing clones induced the transcription and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Treatment of SH-SY5Y alpha-synuclein over-expressing cells with MPP+, the active metabolite of the neurotoxin MPTP, increased the inflammatory response in BV-2 cells. In contrast, the direct exposure of BV-2 cells to MPP+ failed to induce an inflammatory response.These results support the hypothesis that WT and A53T alpha-synuclein has an important role in the initiation and maintenance of inflammation in PD, through the activation of a pro-inflammatory response in microglial cells. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.neures.2010.12.020

Type

Journal article

Journal

Neuroscience Research

Publication Date

01/04/2011

Volume

69

Pages

337 - 342