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Determining the mechanisms of enzymatic regulation is central to the study of cellular metabolism. Regulation of enzyme activity via polymerization-mediated strategies has been shown to be widespread, and plays a vital role in mediating cellular homeostasis. In this review, we begin with an overview of the filamentation of CTP synthase, which forms filamentous structures termed cytoophidia. We then highlight other important examples of the phenomenon. Moreover, we discuss recent data relating to the regulation of enzyme activity by compartmentalization into cytoophidia. Finally, we hypothesize potential roles for enzyme filament formation in the regulation of metabolism, development and disease.

Original publication

DOI

10.3109/10409238.2016.1172555

Type

Journal article

Journal

Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol

Publication Date

07/2015

Volume

51

Pages

282 - 293

Keywords

CTP synthase, IMP dehydrogenase, cytoophidium, intracellular compartmentation, metabolism, Animals, Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases, Eukaryota, Humans, Protein Multimerization